📄 Category

cancer biology

256 papers

Cancer biology explores the complex ways cells grow out of control, investigating the genetic mutations and environmental factors that drive tumor formation. This field seeks to understand how healthy cells transform into malignant ones and how these rogue cells spread throughout the body. By decoding these fundamental mechanisms, researchers aim to develop more effective treatments that target the disease at its source while sparing healthy tissue.

At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint published in this category directly from bioRxiv to ensure you stay ahead of the curve. Our team provides both accessible plain-language overviews and detailed technical summaries for each study, bridging the gap between raw research data and practical understanding. Whether you are a specialist or a curious reader, our goal is to make these critical findings clear and actionable.

Below are the latest papers in cancer biology, offering fresh insights into the ongoing fight against this disease.

📄 cancer biology

A Hierarchical Spatial Graph Neural Network Resolves Immunogenic and Tolerogenic Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Renal Cell Carcinoma

This paper introduces a hierarchical graph neural network that leverages spatial transcriptomics to accurately distinguish between immunogenic and tolerogenic tertiary lymphoid structures in renal cell carcinoma, revealing that bulk CXCL13 expression often reflects non-TLS exhaustion rather than productive immunity and demonstrating the model's robustness through high clinical validation and cross-cancer generalization.

Peng, G.2026-04-08
📄 cancer biology

CIViC MCP: Integrating Large Language Models with the Clinical Interpretations of Variants in Cancer

This paper introduces the CIViC MCP server, a tool that integrates large language models with the CIViC knowledgebase to enable users to query cancer variant data and receive rapid, natural language summaries of expertly curated clinical interpretations.

Schimmelpfennig, L. E., Cody, Q., McMichael, J., Coffman, A., Khanfar, M., Li, J., Yao, J., Saliba, J., Danos, A., Kiwal (…)2026-04-07
📄 cancer biology

Mature tumoroids recapitulate clinically relevant drug response through extended 3D culture in PDAC

This study demonstrates that extending 3D culture of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells to form mature tumoroids reveals clinically relevant drug resistance and context-dependent vulnerabilities driven by time-dependent adaptation and ABC transporter upregulation, thereby addressing the translational gap between conventional short-term assays and patient outcomes.

Kus, K., Earnshaw, D., Pirog, A., Siewiera, M., Kote, S., Murzyn, A. A., Swierzewski, P., Malek-Trzonkowska, N., Sandows (…)2026-04-07
📄 cancer biology

Time-Resolved Transcriptomics Reveal Spliceosomal Disruption and Senescence Pathways in Crocin-Treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells

Time-resolved transcriptomics reveals that crocin induces hepatocellular carcinoma cell senescence and suppresses proliferation by disrupting spliceosomal machinery and reprogramming metabolic pathways, offering a novel therapeutic mechanism for treating liver cancer.

Nelson, D. R., Chaiboonchoe, A., Fu, W., Alzahmi, A. S., Al-Hrout, A., Amin, A., Salehi-Ashtiani, K.2026-04-06
📄 cancer biology

Integrative Transcriptomic and Machine Learning Analysis of ecDNA-Associated Features for Studying Chemotherapy Resistance in TNBC

This study integrates transcriptomic analysis and machine learning to demonstrate that the temporal accumulation of extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) and associated mutations in TNBC tumors drives chemotherapy resistance by altering gene expression and reducing drug binding affinity, with ecDNA burden identified as a dominant predictive feature for resistance to agents like paclitaxel and doxorubicin.

Iftehimul, M., Saha, D.2026-04-06
📄 cancer biology

Cytokine-bearing Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles with Empowered Efficacy in Intratumoral Immunotherapy

This study demonstrates that engineered *E. coli* outer membrane vesicles displaying multiple cytokines, particularly a combination of TNF and IL-2, effectively eradicate syngeneic tumors in over 95% of mice by remodeling the tumor microenvironment through enhanced immune cell recruitment and activation.

Corbellari, R., Tomasi, M., Benedet, M., Gagliardi, A., Begaj, R., Zanella, I., Tamburini, S., Caproni, E., Shaba, E., D (…)2026-04-06
📄 cancer biology

Sustained interferon exposure creates a hyper-metastatic subset of melanoma cells

Sustained interferon exposure in inflamed regions of primary melanoma tumors drives the emergence of a hyper-metastatic subpopulation of cells with elevated CD47 expression that evades macrophage phagocytosis, illustrating how macrophages can paradoxically promote metastasis while attempting to suppress it.

Mannino, M., Wei, T., Moose, D. L., Knight, B., Piskounova, E., Shannon, A., Zhao, Z., Morrison, S. J.2026-04-05
📄 cancer biology

A multi-omics approach to identify the impact of miR-411ed on NSCLC TKI resistance

This study employs a multi-omics approach to demonstrate that the A-to-I edited miR-411-5p (miR-411ed) restores sensitivity to Osimertinib in TKI-resistant NSCLC by downregulating STAT3 and modulating interferon and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways, independent of MET suppression, thereby significantly reducing tumor growth in vivo when combined with the drug.

del Valle Morales, D., Romano, G., Saviana, M., Nana-Sinkam, P., Nigita, G., Acunzo, M.2026-04-03
📄 cancer biology

Do drugs with biliary toxicity cause cholangiocarcinoma?

This study concludes that there is no direct causal relationship between clinical doses of Augmentin and other commonly used drugs with biliary toxicity and the development of cholangiocarcinoma, based on experimental findings showing no increase in malignancy markers and cohort data revealing no statistically significant difference in cancer incidence.

Zong, C., Lim, K., Walker, S. A., Dai, R., Jeong, M. H., George, R., Jo, J. H., Iqbal, S., Im, H., Weissleder, R.2026-04-03